Ronald Reagans Inaugural Address - 3044 Words

In 1980 America was faced with an economic crisis for the ages and they chose Ronald Reagan to deal with it. By the end of Jimmy Carter’s presidency the interest rate was 15.26 percent, inflation was at 12.5 percent and unemployment at 7.1 percent and these rates were still on the rise.[1] Coupled with an economy that was not growing, these rates pushed the United States into a recession. Due to the current situation President Jimmy Carter had put us in, Ronald Reagan was elected in a landslide victory and at 69 he was the oldest elected president. Reagan was faced with a task comparable to Franklin Roosevelt and his inaugural address needed to reestablish confidence in the American economy. As well as the economic crisis, Reagan was†¦show more content†¦Even more detrimental to Carter’s campaign was the blacks that helped him win the election 1976 were beginning to turn on him in 1980 when the rise in unemployment directly effected them. [7] Along with the los s of voters due to economic policy, many Americans blamed Carter for the Iran hostage crisis that begun in November of 1979. The newly formed government of Iran believed that America was not in support of this change and would plan for a government of their choosing to be put in place. It was believed that this was being planned in the American embassy. To prevent this situation from happening, an invasion planned by Iranian politician Ebrahim Asghazadeh was carried out early in the morning of November 4th 1979. Around 400 Muslim Students were gathered and overran the security and took the embassy hostage. The situation escalated during Carter’s continuing presidency as he approved a rescue mission known as Operation Eagle Claw. This mission would soon fail due to numerous problems with the helicopters and eight American servicemen would loose their lives and many would be injured. The failed mission would soon become public and as Carter would tell the American people about the attempt his political popularity would take a large hit and re-election did not seem possible for Carter. The crisis would go on to be resolved after Carter had already lost the presidency. During the final days ofShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of A Time For Choosing By Ronald Reagan1327 Words   |  6 PagesRonald Reagan Declaring for President in 1964 Just over two years before Ronald Reagan competed in his first statewide or national office, the former actor gave a speech in support of a doomed presidential candidate, Senator Barry Goldwater. This speech had little effect on 1964 presidential election. However, the â€Å"A Time for Choosing† speech established Ronald Reagan as the future of the conservative movement, and outlined his view of what America should be. â€Å"A Time for Choosing† fastened Reagan’sRead MoreYales Five Stage Developmental Model - Ronald Reagan - Steps of First Campaign - Persuasion - Annalysis of Speeches2797 Words   |  12 PagesExercise #4 Social Movements 1) STAGES OF THE CAMPAIGN Using Yale’s five-stage developmental model, identify the stages of Ronald Reagan’s first presidential campaign giving specific examples from history. Give specific attention to applying the stages of a campaign history. Document your sources using APA format. You must use EBSCO or other on-line sources available through Amberton Library. You may also use books available through Ebrary and net library toRead More Ronald Reagan Administration Essay1308 Words   |  6 Pagestroubled by a unstable economy at home, a hostage crisis overseas, and the end of prior administrations that were not trusted, America elected Ronald Reagan by a landslide margin of victory. At sixty-nine years old, he was the oldest President to be elected. He was born in a small town in Illinois and served two terms as California governor starting in 1966. Reagans track record proved to be very strong and included welfare cuts, decreasing the number of state employees, and halting radical student p rotestersRead MoreEssay on Ronald Reagans Courage 731 Words   |  3 PagesRonald Reagans Courage What does it take to stand up against politicians? To fight for what you believe in and what you think would benefit the United States of America? It takes courage. Ronald Reagan has that courage, not only did he stay true to his beliefs and ideas, he accomplished them within his presidency. He believed people should be less dependent on their government. Reagan asked citizens to Begin an era of national renewal during his inaugural address. He also declared,Read MoreA Biography Of President Ronald W. Reagan s Life1587 Words   |  7 PagesPreface This book is a dynamic biography of former President Ronald W. Reagan’s life, both before and after his time in the White House. President Reagan’s excellent character and integrity are especially highlighted, as well as his extensive political wisdom and collected nature, even in high pressure situations. Peggy Noonan, the author of this book, keeps a consistent praising tone for Reagan throughout the novel, and her love and appreciation for the man is obvious. Reagan went on to win theRead MoreSupply Side And Trickle Down Economics1356 Words   |  6 PagesReaganomics—also known as supply-side and trickle-down economics—is an economic policy practiced by presidents Warren G. Harding, Calvin Coolidge, and Herbert Hoover in the twenties and most recently, by the fortieth president of the United States, Ronald Reagan. Just like the state of the economy before Reagan stepped into office, the economy of the United States today is in a vulnerable place. Th e economy has taken multiple blows over the last few years: a recession in 2008, a close call in 2011Read MorePolitical Views on Angels in America1607 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ Political Views on Angels in America The representation of individualism and stagnation during the presidency of Ronald Reagan, juxtaposed to Kushner’s progress and collectivism. Angel: Greetings Prophet! The Great Work Begins: The Messenger has arrived. Prior: Go Away. (Kushner, 149) Throughout Part Two of Tony Kushner’s play Angels in America, Prior the Prophet envisions progress in the world after the Angel confronts him at the end of Part One. The red line connecting Prior andRead MoreThe Life And Career Of Ronald Reagan1686 Words   |  7 Pages The Life and Career of Ronald Reagan Colorado State University – Global Campus HST 300 Jared Faurschou Introduction Ronald Wilson Reagan, elected as the 40th President of the United States of America in 1980. Became one of the most beloved and revered President in modern times. He’s most known for bringing the end to the Cold War and helping bring an end to major communist activities in the world. There were several of Reagan’s policies that had an impact on ending the Cold War. InRead MoreRonald Reagan s Accomplishments And Accomplishments1509 Words   |  7 PagesAA35 Dr. Reese English 102 October 13, 2017 Ronald Reagan Era From Hollywood to the White House, Ronald Reagan has always been a public favorite, especially among presidential history. Many people view him as an iconic political figure, who made bold decisions as part of his leadership. Reagan has been credited with numerous feats and failures, such as, reducing the poverty rate by cutting taxes and increasing defense spending, negotiating a nuclear arms reduction agreement with the Soviets to bringRead MoreRonald Reagan s Accomplishments And Accomplishments1514 Words   |  7 PagesAA35 Dr. Reese English 102 30 October 2017 Ronald Reagan Era From Hollywood to the White House, Ronald Reagan has always been a public favorite, especially among presidential history. Many people view him as an iconic political figure, who made bold decisions as part of his leadership. Reagan has been credited with numerous feats and failures, such as, reducing the poverty rate by cutting taxes and increasing defense spending, negotiating a nuclear arms reduction agreement with the Soviets to bring

Is college For Everyone Essays - 656 Words

Allessandra Lancaster November 6, 2013 Arnold Clay ENC1101 Is College for Everyone?: Comparative Rhetorical Analysis Since the first GI Bill was passed after World War II universities have been steadily increasing. Currently there are more than 4000 college like institutions in the United States. Public policy has been making higher education more reachable for example by creating federal student loan programs so everyone has a chance to attend college. But recently we have seen the cost of a four year degree drastically increase because Americans are seeing college as an obligation. â€Å"On â€Å"Real Education†Ã¢â‚¬  Robert T. Perry argues that we need more university and community college graduates. â€Å"Is College for Everyone† Pharinet is†¦show more content†¦Pharinet thinks that the most common issue with college is that students are not yet ready for the academic and financial challenges. He claims that students find themselves trying to work full time and do to school full time and before long students decide they need to work and drop their status to a part time student. Through the use of pathos Pharinet asks his readers to consider a very valid point, if college is for everyone then why do we rely on SAT scores and high school transcripts? And why doesn’t every school have an admissions policy? Then followed those questions with the answer that college is not for everyone. There is no real desire for learning. Individuals just go to college to earn a degree to settle down into a job with decent pay. Using pathos again Pharinet explains that when this kind of person enters the work force are they going to lack motivation in there career because of the only reason for wanting the career was for the money. When comparing these to essays, you can clearly see that there are two completely different beliefs. Robert believes that college is for everyone where Pharinet believes that college is not for everyone. Robert had a more persuasive argument because he established a good ethos, Robert uses facts and professional opinions to back hi s argument, whereas Pharinet uses hisShow MoreRelatedCollege Is Not For Everyone1286 Words   |  6 Pagesthat most kids take after graduation; college, or should you chose your own path. You began to consider the cost, the effectiveness, and other problems associated with college which makes you start to reconsider if college is actually worth it. You have to decide whether to go to college, an alternative institute, or to get a job. Your dreams are big and you know the chances of achieving them are less if you do not receive a college degree. After all, a college degree is a life necessity, dependingRead MoreIs College For Everyone? Essay1164 Words   |  5 Pages In her article â€Å"Is College for Everyone?† blogger and college professor Pharinet discusses the value of a college education and debates whether or not it is worth it to pursue a continued education. The author’s purpose for writing this article is to attempt to change a popular societal opinion tha t it is necessary to attend college in order to succeed. She argues that there are students who are often unprepared for the challenges and responsibilities of attending college, but attend simply forRead MoreCollege Is Not for Everyone1946 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿College is not for Everyone Introduction It is a well known fact but there are many people including counselors, parents, teachers, and friends who resist saying it out loud for fear it will sound like discouragement and negativity: college is definitely not for everyone. The pressure on high schools students, especially those that excel, to attend a college or university is enormous. And in the case of a bright, industrious and motivated high school student, attending a college or universityRead MoreCollege Is Not For Everyone2051 Words   |  9 Pages College Is Not for Everyone Joseph G. Valencia Hudson County Community College April 24, 2015 Bibliography with Summary Many people believe that education is the key to success. Hoping that if people finished college, they will land a good and stable job. Precisely, college degree has a huge positive impact for most people because employers will look at employees’ education and experience in their resumes to exceed their expectations. However, college is ineffective to some people yet manyRead MoreIs College For Everyone?843 Words   |  4 Pagesand peregrinate to college to get a degree for their future jobs. There is an author, Pharinet, who verbally expresses that, â€Å"That there are too many students enrolled in school who simply don’t belong there† (680). Pharinet says that in her article, â€Å"Is College for Everyone?† She argues that college is not for everyone and that students should think deeply afore enrolling. She claims that students who are not academically ready and financially stable are the most mundane in college. Pharinet commencesRead MoreIs College For Everyone?881 Words   |  4 PagesIs College for Everyone? The evolution of time is the cause of the various changes in the universe; it keeps on producing new concepts to challenge and a better understanding of the importance of education in everyone’s life. Despite all of the struggling college students might face, yet college education is always a smart decision and the right investment towards the future. Earning a bachelor s degree is an extremely valuable step which prepares the person for a long journey of a wide varietyRead MoreIs College For Everyone? Essay1813 Words   |  8 PagesIn her article â€Å"Is College for Everyone?†, blogger and college professor Pharinet discusses the value of a college education and debates whether or not it is worth it to pursue a continued education. The author’s purpose for writing this article is to attempt to change a popular societal opinion that it is necessary to attend college in order to succeed. She argues that there are students who are often unprepared for the chall enges and responsibilities of attending college, but attend simply forRead MoreCollege Can Be For Everyone1009 Words   |  5 PagesSpiritual Success College can be for everyone. Who would not appreciate a diploma that recognizes the commitment to at least four years of higher education? Whether one seeks an occupation, financial stability, or personal growth, a college education serves numerous benefits. As methods of education continue to evolve, pushing many over the top while leaving some behind, education is a human right we must not neglect to practice. Matt Price’s Article College isn’t for everyone -- No, Really discussesRead MoreCollege is not for everyone Essay1046 Words   |  5 Pages College is not for Everyone One question that comes to mind when graduating high school is, â€Å"should I attend college?† For many graduates this question have a very obvious answer. A high school graduate may state that, â€Å"college is the best option if one is trying to get a higher level of education, and will help one compete for a higher paying job.† However, in my opinion most graduates do not consider the fact that going to college is a very big decision to make and that the schoolwork will notRead MoreCollege Education Is Not Granted For Everyone1461 Words   |  6 PagesMonica Sanad Professor Benjamin Bever English 112 26 April 2016 XX TITLE XX In retrospect, college education, in the old days, has been a privilege that was not granted for everyone. Unfortunately, this was a detriment likely to be caused by the inequality at race, gender or wealth. However, as humans have evolved beyond such inane, discriminatory issues, more people were able to go to college and earn a degree for a living, thus improving their quality of life and acting as a driving force to the

Ridiculing Victoran Society inrThe Important of Being...

In ‘The Important of Being Earnest’, Oscar Wildes ridiculing representation of Victorian Society comments on the ridiculous behavior of the Victorian Society’s inability to recognise the difference between important and unimportant issues. Therefore, Oscar Wilde subverts Victorian values to mock and imply triviality and superficiality. Wilde forces the audience to rethink the importance of their life and how they act while also scrutinizing the ignorance of the characters in upper class society through mocking their morals and obsessive fascinations. Wildes uses the inversion of what isn’t serious and what is to ridicule Victorian Society. Despite this, Wilde wanted to create something beautiful and superficial. Hence, it would be more†¦show more content†¦Arguably, another reason why everything in the play is presented as superficial and doesn’t need to be taken seriously is the character Lady Bracknell and her funny yet disturbing outburst of her judging Jack on whether he can marry Gwendolen. Lady Bracknell is a stereotypical Victorian woman whose utmost concern is outward appearance and societal impressions. The only important things in life are status and money, without which one is destined to become associated with the abhorrent lower class. Wilde satirises Lady Bracknell’s view of marriage to indicate how the society regard it to be nothing but social business. Lady Bracknell ‘looks in her pocket for notebook and pencil’ as she begins to interrogate Jack. She begins with ‘I feel bound to telling you that you are not down on my list of eligible young men’. This shows us she undertakes the role of an over-controlling mother and her immediate concern over him and Gwendolen getting married as she doesn’t believe him to be ‘good enough’. Lady Bracknell carries on by saying ‘to lose one parent, Mr. Worthing, may be regarded as a misfortune; to lose both looks like carelessness†. This implies her total disregard for death and the prepared interrogation to which she makes Jack undergo are based on a set of suspicions about the nature and purpose of marriage. More often than not, these assumptions reflect the typical views of Victorian

Portrayal Of Men And Women In Advertisements

Question: Discuss about thePortrayal of Men and Women in Advertisements. Answer: Introduction In the modern world, media plays a pivotal role in disseminating information to the general public. It is used for generating awareness, spreading information, and even imparting education. Media plays a significant role in developing communication and saturating the world of industrialism through advertisements. Newspapers, social sites, new channels- all are channels to market products. Advertisements in magazines or newspapers or commercial advertisements are attention grabbing. In such a scenario, there rise some ethical issues which must be addressed. Television commercials and ads in the hoard of being successful and selling their products depict images which are detrimental to the society as a whole. The advertiser's Advertisements are very influential in transferring both negative and positive images and messages. Moreover, they have the ability to manipulate the opinions and attitudes of men and women in the society. Individuals create cognitive schemes through the knowledge they gain from the happenings in the world. These cognitive systems are realities that exist in the society. Advertisements, in fact, shape the identity, recognition, and understanding of individuals. If this is seen in the light of the cultivation theory, it is well evident that the perceptions of social reality are shaped by what people watch or see repeatedly. Moreover, advertisements transfer the dominant ideology of hegemony. Media perpetuates a sense of domination through a focus on elites. There is a lack of gender sensitivity in media, and this is well evident from the stereotypical images portrayed. (Furnham, Adrian, and Stephanie Paltzer 2012). From time immemorial, women have been subjected to oppression, domination, and marginalization. One may say that women have gained recognition and independence in the male dominated society. If one thinks deeply, the question arises, is it so or is it just a myth like many other that surround women? Have women gained independence from the male domination and the male gaze? The answer is self-evident from the several images of women depicted in advertisements. The portrayal of women is disparaging, derogatory, and dissimilar to that of men. Most importantly, the images of women portrayed are, in fact, social stereotypes. Magazines direct the positive energies of women into a narrow channel. The feminine framework is imposed through their pre-occupations, concerns, and aspirations. This is an undaunted realization for women as such stereotypes have been internalized by women. Moving away from those images, or breaking norms and stereotypes would make a woman feel aloof, separated, and the other.' The images that are produced are objective, portray false reality, and present an incomplete picture. (Tan et al. 2013). The predominating image of women in the magazine is that of a young, domestic, weak, subordinate creature whose ultimate goal is to get married and reproduce. Women must act and behave in such a way that they fit in to the roles imposed upon them by the dominant patriarchal society. She is deemed an object and a combination of sex object, daughter, wife, and mother. She is depicted as the object of desire which must look beautiful, please men, and maintain their body. There are several stereotypical images of men and women that are portrayed in advertisements. One stereotype regarding women is that of the homemaker or the householder. Any commercial related to household items would depict a woman. For instance, one would find a woman purchasing grocery items or making everyday purchases, shopping, cooking, or taking care of their babies. The idea of being a dutiful wife and a doting mother is perpetuated through television commercials. One would always find the mother advertising for baby foods or other baby products. She is the domestic one and hence must advertise local products, products that are utilized in regular lives. On the other hand, men are seen advertising for cars, loans, investments, businesses, and other nondomestic products. While women are shown in a homely environment, men are shown working outdoors. Women are seen advertising for cosmetics, are meant to retain their beauty forever, and must represent the physically active, heal thy lifestyle. (Summers, Alicia, and Miller 2014). Not only women, but men are also in stereotypical roles. The real' man is successful, seducer, professional, athletic, and must have a beautiful woman by his side. However, the roles in which they are portrayed vary from each other to a large extent. The advertisements mirror and shape the values prevalent in the society. The reverse is also true. Mena and women featured in advertisements are typecast. They merely adhere to the dominant social roles imposed upon them. According to the cultivation theory, the social value in a society is shaped by the present media. Media tends to shape and reshape the values. It is effective to the target audience as individuals get inspired by advertisements and try to adapt the roles that are portrayed. Advertisements affect human behavior to such an extent that even the contour and the relationship of an individual with others undergoes change. The effect is at times so much that people tend to change their perceptions about their bodies. Chan, Ka ra, and Yolanda Cheng. (2012) Advertisements propose the socially constructed lifestyles and identities and form a representation of the self. Some of the stereotypical roles of women found in advertisements are that of the sex kitten, love tutor, the inciter, potential lover, and finally the homemaker. Initially, women were seen more in the traditional role of a woman that is, of a homemaker and a mother. Men were shown mostly in professional roles. In the present evolving times, the image has somewhat deviated, and the focus is now on the physical features and the body. The following advertisement in a fashion magazine of Canada emphasizes the need for good looks and a glamorous body. The idea and image of the perfect body are perpetrated in fashion magazines. The advertisement in the fashion magazine Flare lays emphasis on party looks, styling, and the image of the perfect body.' Millions of dollars are spent on magazines and models to portray this perfect image. The foundation of this perfect body image is so strong that women hoard after this image and are ready to spend thousands of dollars on dieting, makeup and fashion. Such images are detrimental for women who crave for the glam look. It has physical as well as psychological implications on the women. The effect is so much that women have internalized this image. The role of a woman to incite men through their body shape has also been internalized by women. Women do not realize the imposition in the name of advertisements. In fact, failure to achieve the look leads to mental stress and dissat isfaction. (Van et al. 2012). They view and identify such images with hegemonic femininity. They do not consider this role playing to be an indicator of passivity and weakness, and in control of their sexuality, but as a sign of strength. The attention of customers is held through the so called sophisticated images. The society in the modern world may consider themselves welcoming and progressive, but a deeper look into advertisements would unveil the veneer. Advertisements about chocolates give an insight into the inequality that is deeply rooted in the society till date. One would find extensive use of female models in advertisements. The chocolate consumer advertisements portray women who are seen enticing buyers. Such an image harks on the historical inequalities instead of running parallel to the so called progressive minds of present times. One would find a sheer objectification of women. Companies to woo customers misrepresent and objectify the body of women. (Van, Corine, and Bulck. 2016). The above magazine advertisement features a semi-naked model who is flaunting her body. As is evident from the cover page, the magazine talks about ways to entice men. Such advertisements perpetuate objectification, sexualization, and stereotypes. It conveys the message that the role of a woman is to woo and seduce her partner at night and hence the tips. Moreover, it advises ways by which women can have an incredibly slim body and flaunt it. Such advertisements are, in fact, a way to convey the expectations of society from men and women. These advertisements inflict gender stereotypes. Advertisements are judged by their ability to sell products, retain and draw the attention of customers. In the hoard of attracting customers, people associated with marketing and advertisements fail to account for the social and ethical responsibility. Advertisements play a significant role in influencing the culture of society. Thus, it is highly recommended not to show advertisements and portray images that may have an adverse impact on the masses. In the chocolate and beverage industry, one would find overtly sexualized images of women. Instead of focusing on the nutritional facts and the products itself, advertisers tend to correlate the consumption of chocolate with that of women. Promoters sell products based on the body and negative social beliefs thereby posing an adverse impact on the minds of the consumers. In the above advertisement of the chocolate brand Godiva Gems, a woman is portrayed along with the chocolate ("Wrapped Chocolates | GODIVA" 2016). Placing the women for enticing customers is often seen in chocolate advertisements. One would often come across women endorsing chocolates by smearing it on their body. Such images convey the message of romance, courtship, and sex. Thus, women are highly sexualized in such advertisements. These kinds of images render women as slaves and equivalent to chocolates who must be consumed. The focus is thus drawn through the objectification of the body. Such advertisements which use the female body would readily arouse feelings of desirability and sexuality. The provocative look of the female model in the advertisement aims at enticing customers and attracting their attention. The aesthetic appeal of feminine sexuality is thus utilized everywhere to sell products. Such sexual innuendos are incredibly male driven, sexist, and abusive. These advertisements portray sexual biases, inequality, and stereotypes. Chocolate advertisements utilize women to show that eating this particular chocolate would fulfill the sex ual desires (Tan et al. 2013). In the automobile industry, one would find scantily clad women around cars. They are a piece of ornamentation and deemed fit for advertisement. Placing women by the side of a car for with the objective of mere ornamentation reduces the woman to the level of an object. The role thus gets stratified and narrowed down. The woman in such advertisements is portrayed as an added beauty, coveted, and exotic. She is adoration, an ornament, an accessory. She is either portrayed as the sexy prop, a hot mechanic or a sexy passenger.This depiction deems women as something to be consumed like the car. Such portrayal and objectification are widespread over media channels and magazines. Such misrepresentations affect the minds of youth. They grow and mature with these stereotypes. In these advertisements, the body of women is equivalent to the car. They are young, beautiful, tall, long legged, and thin. The image is that of a woman who is conditioned to view herself as an object. This is not the re al self, and the woman is under constant transformation and alteration. She is under a disguise and is unable to discover her true self. Moreover, keeping these unnaturally beautiful women beside a car or in car advertisements convinces the customers that they would have similar beautiful women surrounding them if they buy the beautiful car. Again, the advertisements reduce the women to the level of an object very much similar to chocolate advertisements. (Verhellen, Yann, Nathalie, and Pelsmacker 2016). In most of the automobile advertisements, women are portrayed as mothers enjoying a ride with their children. It is the husband, or the father who is seen driving the car, not the mother. The aim of such advertisements is to appeal consumers with families and talk about their safety. Women are seen cooking for their children and husbands and waiting for their husbands to come back from office. Moreover, women are never seen buying cars for themselves. It is the husband and the family for whom the woman must buy the car. In a way, the body of women is compared to a car which must be driven. Thus these images are hyper-sexualized and overtly objectify women. Car advertisements are made keeping in mid the target audience. Car advertisements that target women would show women in domestic roles such as taking children to school or running here and there for other household errands. On the other hand, advertisements that target men would portray men typically as single, powerful, wealthy, independent, and confident. Moreover, safer and smaller cars are marketed for women while flashy, luxury branded and big cars are targeted for men (Clow et al. 2015). Advertisements of deodorants also portray women enticing men. The message is that the smell of the particular perfume or deodorant would attract the opposite sex. It would arouse sensuality and is a perfect seducer. Through a thorough analysis of advertisements, the role of advertisements in society is well evident. Advertisements stem from the traditional roles that men and women play in their real lives. But the reverse is also true. Even though the portrayals may not be authentic but audiences try to relate themselves with the icons and assimilate the behavioral patterns and expectations. Visual illustrations are more attractive and carry a great deal of message and responsibility. Magazines in fact, are designed for the target audience. Some advertisements are typically for the male audience while some are usually for the female. Even the language used is gender specific and stereotypical in nature. Same is the case with advertisements. The picture portrayed is either of the confined traditional woman or the sex oriented beauty representing the ironic diversity. Advertisements thus perpetuate gender stereotypes and compel individuals in a hegemonic way to adapt those roles. The sad part is t hat there is no step on the part of women themselves to come out from such roles. The aim must be to reduce stereotypes and prejudices. However, the current situation can be changed through awareness and proper information and education. With the development of society, advertisements also evolve. To eliminate stereotypes in the society, it is essential to stop portraying such images (Zotos, Yorgos and Tsichla 2014). There must be fluidity in the roles of men and women instead of being stereotypical. Prevalence of such images in advertisements would make the objectification a regular thing and perpetuate stereotypes. There are numerous advertisements that stereotype people, especially women. However, in the present times, as the outlook is evolving, so are advertisements evolving. One would find numerous advertisements where successful businesswomen are portrayed. Even men are also portrayed in some chocolate advertisements. Some advertisers have changed their sexist advertisements and instead incorporated models who are not seen enticing consumers or dressed in a semi naked way. Such advertisements reduces the gender gap and promotes success of women. They are in fact, inspiration for the thousands of people who watch them. There are advertisements that target women to be successful. They encourage the feeling of accomplishment. Depiction of women as critical and in the role of a businesswomen eliminates the objectification and hyper-sexualization of women. These kind of marketing would be very helpful in the long run to remove gender differences. References Furnham, Adrian, and Stephanie Paltzer. "The portrayal of men and women in British television advertisements: A review of 7 studies published over a 12 year period."Journal of Mass Communication Journalism2011 (2012). Tan, Yue, Ping Shaw, Hong Cheng, and Kwangmi Ko Kim. "The construction of masculinity: A cross-cultural analysis of mens lifestyle magazine advertisements."Sex Roles69, no. 5-6 (2013): 237-249. Summers, Alicia, and Monica K. Miller. "From damsels in distress to sexy superheroes: how the portrayal of sexism in video game magazines has changed in the last twenty years."Feminist Media Studies14, no. 6 (2014): 1028-1040. Chan, Kara, and Yolanda Cheng. "Portrayal of females in magazine advertisements in Hong Kong."Journal of Asian Pacific Communication22, no. 1 (2012): 78-96. Van Hellemont, Corine, and Hilde Van den Bulck. "Impacts of advertisements that are unfriendly to women and men."International Journal of Advertising31, no. 3 (2012): 623-656. Verhellen, Yann, Nathalie Dens, and Patrick de Pelsmacker. "A longitudinal content analysis of gender role portrayal in Belgian television advertising."Journal of Marketing Communications22, no. 2 (2016): 170-188. Tan, Yue, Ping Shaw, Hong Cheng, and Kwangmi Ko Kim. "The construction of masculinity: A cross-cultural analysis of mens lifestyle magazine advertisements."Sex Roles69, no. 5-6 (2013): 237-249. Clow, Kimberley A., Rosemary Ricciardelli, and Wally J. Bartfay. "Are you man enough to be a nurse? The impact of ambivalent sexism and role congruity on perceptions of men and women in nursing advertisements."Sex Roles72, no. 7-8 (2015): 363-376. Zotos, Yorgos C., and Eirini Tsichla. "Female stereotypes in print advertising: a retrospective analysis."Procedia-social and behavioral sciences148 (2014): 446-454. Skorek, Magorzata, and Yarrow Dunham. "Self-enhancement following exposure to idealized body portrayals in ethnically diverse men: A fantasy effect of advertising."Sex roles66, no. 9-10 (2012): 655-667. Skorek, Magorzata, and Yarrow Dunham. "Self-enhancement following exposure to idealized body portrayals in ethnically diverse men: A fantasy effect of advertising."Sex roles66, no. 9-10 (2012): 655-667. Deans, Emily G., Samantha L. Thomas, Mike Daube, and Jeffrey Derevensky. "The role of peer influences on the normalisation of sports wagering: a qualitative study of Australian men."Addiction Research Theory(2016): 1-11. Rubie-Davies, Christine M., Sabrina Liu, and Kai-Chi Katie Lee. "Watching each other: Portrayals of gender and ethnicity in television advertisements."The Journal of social psychology153, no. 2 (2013): 175-195. Van Hellemont, Corine, and Hilde Van den Bulck. "Impacts of advertisements that are unfriendly to women and men."International Journal of Advertising31, no. 3 (2012): 623-656. Marshall, David, Teresa Davis, Margaret K. Hogg, Tanja Schneider, and Alan Petersen. "From overt provider to invisible presence: discursive shifts in advertising portrayals of the father in Good Housekeeping, 19502010."Journal of Marketing Management30, no. 15-16 (2014): 1654-1679. Theodoridis, Prokopis K., Antigone G. Kyrousi, Athina Y. Zotou, and George G. Panigyrakis. "Male and female attitudes towards stereotypical advertisements: A paired country investigation."Corporate Communications: An International Journal18, no. 1 (2013): 135-160. Huang, Ying, and Dennis T. Lowry. "Toward Better Gender Equality? Portrayals of Advertising Models Occupational Status in Chinese Magazines."Journal of International Consumer Marketing27, no. 1 (2015): 69-83. Bury, Belinda, Marika Tiggemann, and Amy Slater. "Directing gaze: The effect of disclaimer labels on women's visual attention to fashion magazine advertisements."Body image11, no. 4 (2014): 357-363. Chan, Kara, and Yolanda Cheng. "Portrayal of females in magazine advertisements in Hong Kong."Journal of Asian Pacific Communication22, no. 1 (2012): 78-96. "Wrapped Chocolates | Godiva". 2016.Godiva.Com. https://www.godiva.com/wrapped-chocolates.

Irregular Warfare free essay sample

It would be a political and strategic mistake to identify irregular warfare, COIN especially, as America’s dominant strategic future (Grey 1). † I disagree, I would assert that due to the United States’ superior military power and technology, more stable political system (democracy), and globally dominate economy, we can and will, be successful in COIN operations. Examining each of these pillars of power will illustrate the advantage the United States has already demonstrated in Iraq and Afghanistan, and how these pillars will give us the strategic advantage in irregular warfare or â€Å"COIN,† going forward. Three pillars form the foundation of my argument of why the United States can and should engage in COIN operations in the future. The three pillars are; advanced military capability, a superior political system, and global economic dominance. Any of these pillars will dominate any adversary who would contemplate engaging in an insurgency against our country, but combined, no current state, individual or group has the capacity to overthrow or even successfully engage. First, look at the pillar of military capability, as applied during our recent COIN operations in Iraq and Afghanistan. The US execution of COIN in Afghanistan has achieved success by virtually all military standards. To prove it, in soviet invasion of Afghanistan it is documented that â€Å"On December 27, 1979, under cover of an ongoing Soviet military buildup, heavily-armed elements of a Soviet airborne brigade were airlifted into Kabul, Afghanistan, to violently overthrow the regime of President Hafizollah Amin (Giradet 2) † which resulted in years of COIN engagements in that country by the Soviet Union. Bottom line, over a much shorter period of time (1979-1988), and with more soldiers on the ground (over 113,000), the USSR lost nearly 13,310 soldiers, compared to 2000 deaths in Afghanistan so far for the US out of less than 100,000 on the ground (Giradet 2). The United States also has a tremendous technological advantage over our adversaries and we are just now discovering ways to capitalize on these advantages. John Standhill recently wrote: â€Å"Because it may be difficult or impossible to distinguish between an insurgent, a supporter of an insurgency who is a non-combatant, and entirely uninvolved members of the population, counter-insurgency operations have often rested on a confused, relativistic, or otherwise situational distinction between insurgents and non-combatants. † The United States is winning the COIN technology race, consequently, the longer this type of warfare is goes on, the more sophisticated and advanced our technologies and capabilities will be, and the enemy, will not able to adapt, further diminishing its success. Just a small example of where US military technology is going, â€Å"Ashima Devices has developed a 3D surveillance technology for use with the companys ForceField drones. These small unmanned helicopters can be clipped to a soldier’s standard ALICE field-gear kit When deployed, they provide a real-time, 3D view of the battlefield, including whats around a corner or rooftop, and can even simulate storming a building. The device uses a handheld computer to display the 3D view. You might recognize the name Harris Corp; this year, the company started assisting the Pentagon with a â€Å"situational awareness† tracking system. It uses video from military drones and creates a log of battlefield threats and can even flag one particular enemy troop for closer analysis (Brandon 3). And finally, â€Å"wired reported recently about the Team Technology Stingray, a device that shoots a tiny stream of water at thousands of feet per second its like a water laser. The idea: A bomb diffuser could use the device to disable roadside IED bombs by shooting a high-powered stream that splits the IED without actually causing an explosion, rendering it harmless. (Brandon 3)† All of this technology will soon be deployed and further increase U. S. success rate in COIN operations. Addressing the pillar of economic power, the CIA world fact book from 2010 reports the United States GDP was 14, 620,000 million dollars and the next closest country was China, which had a GDP of 5,879,100 million dollars. California, Texas, New York, and Florida are all in the top twenty, with the rest of the top twenty being countries, not states (CIA Fact book 4) . The country of Greece has the same economic GDP as the state of Washington, with just over $330 billion a year, while Russia (a definite threat), would most closely compare to the state of Texas with a GDP of approximately $1,233. 89 million in 2010. Undoubtedly, the economic prowess of the United States, even during one of the worst recessions in our lifetime, economically crushes all other nations on the world on a global scale. We could impose our economic influence as we did during world war two to really engage in a COIN environment, if we wanted to, but have chosen not to and still achieved relative success (Iraq and Afghanistan). Former President Jimmy Carter, with respect to our ability to influence based on our economic and technological advantages, offers this counter argument: â€Å"Globalization, as defined by rich people like us, is a very nice thing ou are talking about the Internet, you are talking about cell phones, you are talking about computers. This doesnt affect two-thirds of the people of the world (5) † I believe the president fails to recognize that while two-thirds of the world may not be impacted by our advances in technology and economic power, the reality of our economic power, relative to these other economies makes our ability to quell any insurgency significant. The third pillar supporting irregular war (COIN) operations is that of political stability. As the information age continues to expand rapidly, individuals around the world will be increasingly drawn to the United States because of the liberty and freedoms available here. As globalization continues, the political influence the US will be able to leverage, even on an individual basis around the world, will be an an extremely effective tool. Democracy will be the agent for change and influence in the coming century for both states, and individuals. Anocracies (pseudodemocracies) do not often succeed against insurgencies and are rarely successful in fully democratizing. Fifteen of the 89 cases studied could be described as anocracies, or democracies in name only. Anocracies have a particularly poor record at countering insurgency, winning about 15 percent of all contests (1:7, with eight ongoing or mixed outcomes). Lessons from the one case of successful democratization we identified—Croatia— are both debatable and not necessarily transferrable to other conflicts . Democratizing an anocracy in the midst of an insurgency is an unappealing but not necessarily impossible venture (Connable 6) . Bottom line, in order to force political will (win in COIN) on any adversary, I believe you have to have the political stability to tolerate the casualties of war, and have the political solution (democracy) with the highest probability of success of implementing in a new country. Democracy is a formidable political option to terrorism and since is the basis for the United States political system. John F Kennedy said it best;† Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty. † Dissenters argue the US should not engage in COIN operations argue â€Å" Withdrawal of state sponsorship cripples an insurgency and typically leads to its defeat. Inconsistent or impartial support to either side generally presages defeat (Connable 6). † In other words, our recent success in Iraq stemmed from the fact that the insurgency did not have a formidable â€Å"state sponsor† for the insurgency. Dissenters would point to Greece in the 1945 and â€Å"When sponsorship was wholly withdrawn (e. g. , Greece, 1945–1949), the victory ratio for the insurgent fell to 1:4 (also of decided and not mixed or ongoing cases). In other words, loss of state sponsorship correlates with a tipping point (Connable 6). † However, anyone who has deployed with the US, or is knowledgeable about Iraq knows that the Iranian influence on the war was substantial, but as long as we are engaged, we cannot be defeated. In conclusion, if the United States only had one pillar of success, the dissenting argument made by Charles would be more credible, even I would concede that having military dominance can be transient and change states with time. However, the United States has three formidable pillars; our military capability, our political system, and enormous economic advantages, all of which combined, present a omnipotent force that the United States can employ for good. We are developing military technology which will protect our Soldiers, a political system which empowers individual freedoms and has a history of being successful in this type of conflict as opposed to anocracies, and the economic power stemming from an economy with a GDP that is nearly triple that of the next closest economy. My thesis will only fail, if the American people change their resolve, and embrace defeat and chaos, instead of liberty and justice for all.